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A novel cortico-intrathalamic circuit for flight behavior
RV(From BrainVTA) was used for monosynaptic retrograde tracing to further determined whether the distinct roles of the limbic and sensory TRN in flight may result from different synaptic connections.
The viruses used in this article from BrainVTA are in the table below
Tracing Helper  PT-0165 AAV2/9-DIO-TVA-EGFP
 PT-0023 AAV2/9-DIO-RG
RV   R01002 RVdG-DsRed(EnvA)
Ping Dong, Hao Wang, Xiao-Fan Shen, Ping Jiang, Xu-Tao Zhu, Yue Li, Jia-Hao Gao, Shan Lin, Yue Huang, Xiao-Bin He, Fu-Qiang Xu, Shumin Duan, Hong Lian, Hao Wang, Jiadong Chen  and Xiao-Ming Li 
Pub Date: 2019-04-29,  DOI:  10.1038/s41593-019-0391-6, Email: [email protected]
Flight, an active fear response to imminent threat, is dependent on the rapid risk assessment of sensory information processed by the cortex. The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) filters information between the cortex and the thalamus, but whether it participates in the regulation of flight behavior remains largely unknown. Here, we report that activation of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the limbic TRN, but not those in the sensory TRN, mediates flight. Glutamatergic inputs from the cingulate cortex (Cg) selectively activate the limbic TRN, which in turn inhibits the intermediodorsal thalamic nucleus (IMD). Activation of this Cg→limbic TRN→IMD circuit results in inhibition of the IMD and produces flight behavior. Conversely, removal of inhibition onto the IMD results in more freezing and less flight, suggesting that the IMD may function as a pro-freeze center. Overall, these findings reveal a novel corticothalamic circuit through the TRN that controls the flight response.
Figure. 1 The Cg→limbic TRN→iMD circuit regulates flight behavior.
Using cell-type-specific fiber photometry, virus-mediated input–output tracing, electrophysiology, and optogenetics, the authors report three major findings. First, PV+ neurons in the limbic TRN, but not the sensory TRN, regulate flight. Second, glutamatergic inputs from the Cg selectively activate the limbic TRN, which in turn inhibits the IMD. Last, activation of the Cg→limbic TRN→IMD circuit is required for flight behavior. Together, these findings revealed a corticothalamic circuit upstream of the amygdala circuit that controls flight response.
 
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